Diabetes With Hypertension: China 2025 Management Guide
For people with diabetes and high blood pressure, the 2025 Chinese guideline targets below 130/80 mmHg and favors SGLT2 inhibitors and renin-angiotensin blockers.
Why Control Matters
High blood pressure is very common in people with diabetes and raises the risk of heart, brain, kidney, and eye damage. Good control lowers complications and extends life.
Recent large trials support aiming for lower blood pressure in most patients when it is safe to do so.
Blood Pressure Targets
Most adults with diabetes and hypertension should keep blood pressure below 130 over 80 mmHg. Intensive treatment toward 120 can further cut cardiovascular events.
Older or frail patients, or those with severe organ damage, may use a gentler target below 140 over 90 to avoid harm from low pressure.
Healthy Habits
Reduce dietary sodium and prefer unsaturated oils over saturated fat. Achieve or maintain a healthy weight through balanced eating and regular activity.
Do not smoke, limit alcohol, sleep well, and address stress or low mood. Measure blood pressure at home and bring records to visits.
Blood Sugar Medicines
SGLT2 inhibitors are preferred when there is heart or kidney risk because they protect these organs. GLP-1 receptor agonists also lower cardiovascular risk.
Metformin remains a common base therapy. Medicine choice should fit the individual's organs, weight, and tolerance.
Blood Pressure Medicines
ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or ARNIs are often chosen because they protect the heart and kidneys. They are useful with diabetes, protein in urine, or heart failure.
Doctors monitor potassium and kidney function, especially when starting. Standing blood pressure should be checked to avoid dizziness from sudden drops.
